Regular verb classes
Contrary to the typical way these classes I presented, I opt for treating only nidan and yodan as "regular" verb classes, with the reasoning being these are the only classes which don't have only a small fixed number of verbs belonging to it. Additionally, the irregular verb classes can almost always be traced down as a variant/hybrid of the regular classes
Yodan (~75% of verbs)
| form | suffix | example |
|---|---|---|
| root | - | yom |
| mizen | -a | yom-a |
| ren'you | -i | yom-i |
| shuushi | -u | yom-u |
| rentai | -u | yom-u |
| izen | -e | yom-e |
| meirei | -e | yom-e |
Shimo-nidan (~20% of verbs)
| form | suffix | example |
|---|---|---|
| root | - | hajim |
| mizen | -e | hajim-e |
| ren'you | -e | hajim-e |
| shuushi | -u | hajim-u |
| rentai | -uru | hajim-uru |
| izen | -ure | hajim-ure |
| meirei | -eyo | hajim-eyo |
Kami-nidan (~5% of verbs)
| form | suffix | example |
|---|---|---|
| root | - | ot |
| mizen | -i | ot-i |
| ren'you | -i | ot-i |
| shuushi | -u | ot-u |
| rentai | -uru | ot-uru |
| izen | -ure | ot-ure |
| meirei | -iyo | ot-iyo |
Irregular verb classes
Ichidan
The ichidan class is closed, as the vast majority of modern ichidan verbs actually come from nidan.
| form | suffix | example |
|---|---|---|
| root | - | mi |
| mizen | -ø | mi |
| ren'you | -ø | mi |
| shuushi | -ru | miru |
| rentai | -ru | miru |
| izen | -re | mire |
| meirei | -yo | miyo |
Ichidan is considered a variant of nidan